I can't resist the temptation here to insert a pitch for one of my
favorite Buddhist teachings, applied to modern biological
understanding. Some animals are sensate and respond to instincts
reinforced by pleasure/pain centers in the brain. Their behavior is
still largely instinctual but, unlike, say, an insect, the "instinct"
has a pleasure enforcement, is not just a mechanical reflex. The animal
experiences its existence in a way different from that of a programmed
machine.
This is to my mind a huge step; it means behavior can be much more
flexible (you don't get lobsters following each other forever in a
circle) but still programmed. In effect the outcomes rather than the
details of the behavior are what are inherited. The word for this is
sensate. The animal experiences emotions.
We too are under such a system (although like all animals we also have
some behaviors that are still reflexive). What sensate existence allows
though is the development of intelligence and greater and greater
flexibility (the appearance, in other words, of consciousness and free
will).
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